How to be a good student

Time prudence Planned and dont give off your plan Pay attention in your lesson Take note and Review by Creating mind map format II Planning (Outlining) Stage Ill Writing f you wish to be a good student, you should follow these advices that I will conjure below. The firstly of them is that you should pay attention in your lesson. In fact, teacher is the soul who concludes all main points of your lesson and tell it to you in an interesting and clear modality in class.As a result, eying attention in your lesson is the best way military service you save time to understand what you are learning in the book. The second gear advice is taking note and reviewing your lesson by creating mind map. In my opinion, listening to our teachers conscionable like collect the information however, a good student fork over to gain their own knowledge. One solution is taking note what you imply is necessary, and then, you put all information you collected in your brain by remembering an imagina tive noted mind map.Last but not least, get for your target, and manage your time weekly in order to reach your goal. Indeed, the more than suitable plan you make, the more effective work you done. Accordingly, you should have long-term, short-run plan as well as weekly, monthly timetable. In addition, you as well should rearrange your schedule so often that them are agreed with your set out likewise making sure your timetable is enough flexible for you to not put off your work. In conclusion, these above how to be a good student advices however work when you want.

International Economics of Thailand Essay

The country of Tai buck is located in the south-east Asia region, south of primary(prenominal)land China and immediately b coordinateing Burma to the west, Laos to the East and Cambodia to the south. Around 65 jillion people tarry Thailand with the detonating device and its largest city being Bangkok the peopleal currency is the baht. later a series of political and military turmoil thrashed the country in the mid 2000s, December of 2007 ear tag the reinstatement of a democratic giving medication as easy as the inclusion of affluent democratic elections. The official language is Thai and has remained that since the countrys early partnings. Buddhism encompasses about the Thailands population in terms of religion, nearly 95%, with all belonging to the Theravada denomination. On a global scale Thailand is quite a large country for how meek it is geographically it ranks 50th as further as total ara, and is the twentieth most populous in the world.Thailand is bulky in b oth land and comprehend factors of doing. The land measures some 510,890 sq km and is full of natural resources much(prenominal) as tin, rubber, natural gas, timber, lead, fish, and many metals. The large amount of agricultural production lead to a GDP of $539.3 billion in 2009. The 2009 household expenditure expenditure was 2.05% eve though the real GDP out kindleth roll was -2.2%2. The final factor of production for Thailand, labor, is an some separate one of their most abundant resources. In 2009, the labor suck up was comprised of 38.43 million people. They were divided amongst 42.4% work in agriculture, 19.7% in industry, and 37.9% in work3. This is consistent with the large amount of arable land throughout the country.With much production occurring in the agricultural sector, is makes sensory faculty that Thailand trades agricultural commodities. The country also merchandises machinery and electronic components, and jewelry. The machinery and electronic parts atomic number 18 a major exporting because of the size of the labor force.Jewelry exports are large due to the amount of natural metals and jewels found in the land. The exports jabbing the providence and account for more than half of GDP. In 2009, exports total $150.7 billion. The major issueers are the unite States at 10.94%, China at 10.58%, Japan with 10.32%, Hong Kong with 6.22%, and Australia trade 5.62%3.The global financial crisis of 2008-2009 severely hurt Thailands exports with most industries falling a large percent. Imports were also affected the financial crises. in 2009, they tota direct $118 billion. Most imports were in outstanding goods, intermediate goods, and raw materials. This is because of the lack of capital factors of production and the large labor force. Thailand imports from Japan (18.7%), China (12.73%), Malaysia (6.41%), United States (6.31%), and UAE (4.98%)3. picIt expects to be that the groups benefiting most from trade are the farmers an d factory workers. The farmers deplete the largest labor force and therefore the graduate(prenominal)est amount of exports in the country. The factory workers are also benefiting from the import of cheap intermediate goods and raw materials from China and Malaysia. They then use the teemingness of labor to produce machinery for export. In 2009, Thailand had a trade surplus of roughly $32.7 billion.Long before the liberalization of Thailands economy and its move to bend an export-promoting economy in the mid 1980s, Thai g all everyplacenings feature pursued openhanded Trade Agreements (FTAs) and economic cooperation with fellow countries in the Eastern Hemisphere and of course, the USA.In 1967, Thailand help take a leak the Association for atomic number 16-East Asian Nations (ASEAN). ASEAN was founded to promote nation building, tackle communism and miscellanea magnitude economic cooperation. This act has served as the hindquarters for establishing future FTAs. Continuous dialog and a desire for economic upgradeth led to the eventual signing of the ASEAN Free-Trade Agreement (AFTA). This paved the way for the voidance of tariffs for goods with 40% of its free on-board value having local input from ASEAN member countries (asean). spare-time activity the success of AFTA and its role in facilitating localmanufacturing industries, ASEAN countries sought to expand these FTAs. This has led to signed FTAs between ASEAN and China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. In rundown, Thai and US authorities obligate been working on an inconclusive US-Thailand FTA since 2004. These agreements nurture grown Thailands export markets and much(prenominal) access to vast emergence economies has allowed Thailand to rapidly return to growth following the 2008 Global Recession.Unfortunately, with all the free-trade agreements, Thailand continues to have multiple barriers to entry for most inter internal entrants and even some domestic help one s. They are primarily in the service and catch sectors as rise up as sectors with significant local production. These include tariffs, quantitative barriers, customs barriers and revenueation. few of the most affected industries are finance, law, telecommunications, personal credit line and maritime transport, woodwind, textiles, transport equipment and lord services.In the finance industry, strange investors are allowed a confine honor investing of up to 49% of the company. Any investment that amounts to greater than that is inured on a case-by-case basis by the brass. In accession, abroad banks have limitations on their lending capabilities and the expansion of branches. Telecommunications also limits foreign investment and in addition to this, the governance allocates frequency spectrum that have resulted in two telecommunications companies dominating the industry (Dee, 2004) (US Embassy, Bangkok, 2009).On the other hand, foreigners may own law firms in Thailand, but only Thai-citizens may provide legal services. At-best, in certain cases, foreign citizens can serve in a limited capacity as a consultant. much(prenominal) a nationality requirement extends to other professional services much(prenominal) as accountants and physicians as healthful where Thai-citizens have a higher priorit and only non-citizens that are a resident of Thailand and legato in Thai are eligible.Industries such as wood and wood products (12.5% tariff), transport equipment (31% tariff) and textiles (25% tariff) continue to have import tariffs and licenses to encourage local production and insure it is notharmed. All of these tariffs are between 2 and 4 times the global average (Dee, 2004). such tariffs are common coiffe all over the world to protect local businesses.In addition to these tariffs, Thailands barriers include some(prenominal) indirect methods that have a slight tangible trespass. Thailands complicated tax strategy is one such example. When one adds up the import tariff, excise duties and other sales tax on imported alcohol, the price is 400% higher. To complement these barriers, Thailands judicature adapted a Buy Thai policy, much to the resentment of foreign investors. In addition, the Customs department reserves the right to arbitrarily increase the import value of goods (US Embassy, Bangkok, 2009).Lastly, the lack of enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights and Patent laws court US companies $400 million in 2007 (US Embassy, Bangkok, 2009). Pharma companies and Hollywood have had the most direct impact due to copyright infringements, delayed patents and its non-enforcement. Such haphazard barriers by the Thai government can dissuade authorization investors.These barriers have a multi-purpose aim. Some tariffs are meant to be revenue generating tariffs, magic spell others cost escalating. These cost-escalating tariffs stand to protect a local industry such as textile manufacturing, wood and timber logging. Barrie rs in the maritime and air transport have large capital requirements to enter it as easily as a vested government interest in the form of state-owned airlines, airports and ports. some other barriers related to haphazard law enforcement and the buy Thai policy and seem less so economic barriers and more so politically actuate ones. A reversal in such barriers would allow air-passenger transport, maritime transport and communications to benefit the most and enable the finance, law and professional services industry to shore up its presence in Thailand enchantment chronic to expand trade, commerce and therefore economic growth in the country.Simultaneously, the government aimed to stimulate domestic and foreign private investment over the feeler decade by adapting Export Promotion (EP)policies that decreased import tariffs, eliminated export tariffs and established the Board of Investment of Thailand (BOI). While initial investments were aimed at domestic-market production, this q uickly moved to export-oriented production that was not limited by the size of the domestic market. This led to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) ballooning from $40 million in 1970-1974 to $19 billion in 2006 (Kohpaiboon). Countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan had successfully adapted to export promotion policies while even more countries saw the negative incumbrances of import central policies (South America). These polar effects point out the benefits of a trade-centered structured economy.An exponential increase in FDI requires a stable banking system that is globally integrated. dissimilar its Asian peers, almost half of Thailands 37 banks are foreign banks such as HSBC, Citibank and Standard Chartered. This has resulted in a strong banking system with assets worth 200% of GDP (Datamonitor, 2010). Other developing countries continue exertion with a government dominated banking system and low population penetration. sustain growth in FDI has had spillove r effects on Thailands human capital development and R&D projects to further aid economic growth. The BOI, since 2006 has been actively promoting R&D investments, bagging projects from companies such as Toyota, Honda and Siam Cement. In addition to this, the government has allocated $3 billion in the next 5-year plan for R&D projects with institutes such as Asian Institute of Technology pickings lead (Datamonitor, 2010). Such outlay has allowed domestic companies to adapt current technologies utilise world over while evolving new ones. This is a drastic change from the mid-1980s in Thailand when oxes and manual labor characterized agriculture and industry alike.In order for the results of R&D projects to be useful and then successful, an educated custody is necessary. Starting in 1960, Thailand expanded its schoolhouse system and made schooling mandatory for the first 7 historic period (Ministry of Education, 1998). A full contemporaries later, the basic impact is visible. By 2006, Thailand boasted a 92% literacy rate, comparable in the region (Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan and Malaysia boast 90%+literacy rates) and allocates 27% of its national budget to genteelness (Malaysia allocated 20%) (UNDP, 2009). One current constraint is that 80% of the current workforce has had only primary education. However, the long-term impact of education should change this statistic over the coming decade and encourage further labor efficiencies.Unfortunately, a primary educated workforce is not Thailands main constraint to growth. In the years following a decade of high-paced growth, the Asian Financial Crisis, consequent political upheavals, natural disasters, overthrowion and such endanger to derail the Thai story of growth.In spite of all this growth, the high short-term external debt of its government nearly bankrupted Thailand, caused the stock exchange to neglect 75% of its market value and devalued the then-pegged Baht by over 50%. The Thai economy ca me to a halt with layoffs across industries, low-spirited asset prices and a 12% cumulative drop in turnout for 1997-1998. This led to an inevitable $40 billion IMF-led rescue package for the most affected Asian economies (Hunter, Kaufman, & Krueger, 1999). The package allowed Thailands economy to stay outcome and resume growth only in 1999.The Asian Financial Crisis marked a start in Thailands sporadic political upheavals. This culminated in 2006 when Prime Minister Thaksin was removed from office in a blanched coup while he attending the UN General Assembly in front of the worlds eyes. The 4 years since has seen scores of unexclusive demonstrations, 3 Prime Ministers and a riot culminating in the summer 2010 stand-off between the armed forces and pro-Thaksin demonstrators in central Bangkok. Meanwhile, neighboring countries such as Philippines, Vietnam and even Indonesia have moved toward political stability with their leaders transitioning their country into a period of econo mic growth (Marshall, 2010). These upheavals are a source of hit to international and domestic businesses and have a negative ripple effect through the economy.In fact, Thaksin is not the only corrupt politician to free grace Thailand. Corruption plagues many institutions and bureaucracys there. Transparency international class-conscious Thailand 84th out of 178 countries on the GlobalCorruption Index with China falling ahead in 78th position and India just behind in 87th place. ilk most sizable developing countries, corruption is uncontrolled in Thailand and other high-profile cases include the governor of Bangkok, Mr. Apirak.In 2009, the Thai government reported that the most number of corruption complaints within government agencies were filed against the Customs Department (Datamonitor, 2010). victorious cue from Singapore, Thailand must be more pro-active in reducing this rampant corruption in order to focus on economic and kindly development. Singapore along with New Ze aland and Denmark topped the least for least corrupt countries (Zee watchword, 2010).Another growth constraint is natural disasters. In 2004, an earthquake followed by a tsunami caused widespread havoc and destruction. While Thailands direct impact was lower than Indonesia, with over 5,000 lives lost, 30,000 fishing boats and 120,000 tourism jobs lost, its effects cannot be ignored. Such continued disasters can hamper progress and instead undo years of economic development. Countries ranging from Indonesia to Seychelles were affected by this (United Nations, 2005).As the 1997 Financial Crisis demonstrated, Thailand is very integrated into the worlds economy. Therefore, with the arrival of the Great Recession in 2008, charter for its export-oriented production began to fall. Thailands dependence on exports put the country into a yearlong recession that it is now out of. In fact, Thailand is expected to grow at 4% this year. This quick recovery has been due to the deliberate in the public eye(predicate) spending undertaken by the government. With the government undertaking a 5-year plan to emanation infrastructure spending and reduce poverty, Thailand should see sustained growth over the coming years.As Thailand emerges from the Great Recession of 2008, there are several helpful pointers Thailand has taken from its experiences since the Asian Financial Crisis. The Thai government has well-educated of the benefits of a balanced budget, they successfully reduced government debt between 2002 and 2008, repaid IMF loans (2 years early) and regained growth. While corruption continues to exist, Thailand has an increasingly tougher National CounterCorruption delegacy and current Prime Minister Abhisit has proposed a Reconciliation Plan to create a more transparent, clean government. The tsunami has resulted in the implementation of an emergency gay system thereby preventing future calamities, social and economic losses.With a volume of new growth coming from Asi a, Thailand is optimally situated as an export economy in the region. Strong historical ties to the US go forth ensure economic cooperation as the US economic recovery progresses. Continued spending on education will result in an efficient, productive labor-force allowing Thailand to grow from just an international finance center to an advanced technology driven, export oriented economy in the years to come.Economic policy first momentThe government is button ahead with a major fiscal remark chopine worth Bt1.4trn (US$43bn), which is to run until 2012. However, the fiscal position is weak, and the government could defend to finance the computer programme in full without risking future financial stability. This second-stage stimulant program, known as Thai Khem Khaeng (Strong Thailand), centers on infrastructure projects as well as investment in agriculture, education and health. Owing to the fact that the government has only limited fiscal freedom (constitutional restriction s cap the budget shortage in any year at 20% of total expenditure), the majority of the programs spending is off-budget and is financed through increased sucking.The government actually plans to reduce budgetary spending in fiscal year 2009/10 (October-September) in an tone-beginning to contain the fiscal deficit, which ballooned in 2008/09 owing to a first-stage stimulus program that included cash grants and subsidies. The government is proposing another expansionary budget in 2010/11. As the economy begins to recover in 2010, the Bank of Thailand (BOT, the central bank) will begin to raise interest rates to contain inflation.As for the fiscal policy, the government will run a substantial budget deficit in 2010-11, but it should be narrower than in 2009, when it reached the equivalent of 4.4% of GDP. After reducing be after expenditure in 2009/10by Bt200bn (US$5.8bn), the government proposes to increase it by about Bt400bn in 2010/11. It is also stimulating the economy with th e Thai Khem Khaeng program of off-budget expenditure. Whether or not the program succeeds in stimulating growth, hinges mostly on its implementation. There is a risk that some funds will be lost to corruption or will be wasted, as was highlighted by a recent admission by the Comptrollergenerals Department that funding for projects previously rejected by the BudgetBureau had been approved owing to the governments determination to proceed with economic stimulus. Assuming that the government receives full parliamentary approval to borrow another Bt400bn in the next ternary years, public debt could rise sharply relative to GDP in 2010-11. However, the finance minister, Korn Chatikavanij, recently said that as revenue growth so far in 2009/10 had exceeded expectations, the government might not need to borrow as much as it had originally planned.The BOT will begin to deoxidise monetary policy in second half of 2010 as the economy starts to recover and core inflation (which excludes raw foods and energy) accelerates. However, the central bank will not raise interest rates sharply, as there are still major risks to the recovery, and core inflation, which stood at 0.5% in January-February, remains at the low end of the official target range of 0.5-3%. The BOT has also convey concern that prematurely raising the one-day repurchase ratewhich stands at 1.25%, having been move by 250 basis points between December 2008 and April 2009could lead to inflows of foreign capital, pushing up asset prices to unsustainable levels and causing the baht to strengthen further.Works CitedCIA. (2010). Thailand. Retrieved November 20, 2010, from CIA The populace Factbook www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/th.htmlDatamonitor. (2010). Thailand, In-depth PESTLE Insights. Datamonitor.Falvey, L. (2001). Thai Agriculture Golden Cradle of Millennia. smock Lotus Co Ltd.Hunter, W., Kaufman, G., & Krueger, T. (1999). The Asian Financial Crisis Origins, Implications and Solutions.Ministry of Education. (1998). History of Thai Education. Retrieved November 2010, from Ministry of Education, Thailand www.moe.go.th/main2/ denomination/e-hist.htmUNDP. (2009). United Nations Development Programme. United Nations.United Nations. (2005). Impact on Thailand. United Nations.Zee News. (2010, October 26). India Slips Three Places in Global Corruption Rankings. Retrieved November 2010, from Zee News www.zeenews.com/news663930.htmlCitation Thailand. Country Report. Thailand (2010) 1-27. Business Source Premier. EBSCO. Web. 13 Dec. 2010ASEAN. (n.d.). Overview asean. Retrieved from association of southeast asian nations http//www.aseansec.org/64.htmDee, P. (2004). A Systematic Evaluation of Services Trade Barriers The solecism of Thailand. Washington DC Australian National University.Thailand. World Factbook. Central news program Agnecy. Accessed November 23, 2010. https//www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/th.htmlThailand Natural Resources . Index Mundi. Updated 2010. Accessed November 23, 2010. http//www.indexmundi.com/thailand/natural_resources.html

Imposed in ederly driver

Should special conditions be imposed on cured puritanic There w be been four high-profile traffic accidents Involving senior(a) drivers In the past few days. As we known, Victorian Is the only Australia state which does non have compulsory interrogation of driving license held by older motorists. However, it does non mean that mandatory testing should be imposed on elderly driver in Victorian due to mandatory testing does not make the road gum elasticr, older drivers are more alert and elderly driver promotes scotchs development. Firstly, mandatory testing of older driver does not make the roads safer.Most of the states have the restrictions for elderly drivers except Victorian. For example, jibe to Australia g everywherenment, In New South Wales drivers bestrided 75 and over must(prenominal) pass an annual medical examination or pass a practical driving test every second years. In Queensland, drivers over 75 must only drive with a medical enfranchisement issued by a d octor. However, according to the Victoria, Vic had the lowest older driver force rate per number of license Issued by comparing the crash rate of elder driver across the country which surprised audience nearly the statistic.The statistic shows audience older driver in Victoria without legal equipment did not increase the crashes rate however it is safer compare to the other states in Australia. Secondly, most(prenominal) of the drivers are more cautious and therefore there are safer than junior driver. Not only Judith Carlton writes that older drivers actually aware of their own limitations. For example, by choosing easy-to-man get along driving environments or by choosing not to drive at night. T also professor Raphael Criticize from Transport and Road Safety unit of measurement at nun of news satisfying wad just dont have a perception of risk, in price of driving skills, in terms of crashes. The media affect our decision. The contrast of two opinions is obvious that older d river are more careful than younger drivers. Thirdly, allowing driver to drive will promotes economic development. According to Victoria seniors over 70 had 10 percent of Victorian licenses In 2012 and worse still. Australian the proportion of people over the age of 65 will increase from 11. Recent in 2001 to 24,2 percent in 2051 which means there are more elderly driver in the road. If special condition imposed on elderly Victorian motorists. many another(prenominal) elder drivers will be taken licenses away . Then, it is hard for them to go out and spending money on shopping centre cocoa shops and so on because these are away from uptown which also foreclose economic development. On the other side, society think of older people do not need cars to travel or to race, public get off is available for older driver.Even though Victoria has a extensive and safe public transport system. Older driver can not easily travel for routine travel to shop and for social reasons because num ber of melt relatively little especially on the weekend, It runs every one mo and finishes earlier which means It is Last but not least, driving a car is right of older driver. Forbidden to drive due to the age is unfair. Should older drivers stay on the road will be a serious problem due to aging population. The government needs to work out a good way to help them driving safely.

Political Theory Essay

Envy TestThe system that the fragment of resources is positively match if and only if ace person does non privilege well-nighone elses portion of the wealth to his proclaim. That means that if foreveryone in night club is ahppy with what they brook as compared to what everyone else has wherefore the society passes the envy test. This has never happened and seems untoward to human nature. The further f everyacy is that it could ever be achieved in that some community are born with innate endowment funds that grass non be diverged to give them fewer resources.Unremunerated rightsProponents of this semipolitical guess argue that the Bill of Rights was not intended as a list of all in all the rights a person should be guaranteed chthonic the Constitution. They argue that rights not listed, for instance the right to privacy, still exist. This theory was first-year put forth by the Warren Court in lean that muckle had a right to privacy. It is as well as frequentl y used in the abortion rights debate as a justification for a charrs right to control her own body.Politics of recognitionthis is the political theory that argues we can only achieve enlightenment and equality when we descry that spate are not homogenous and acknowledge the inherent differences among spate. This is almost the exact opposite of politics of equality which claim that all people cod the same prefatory needs, wants and go fors and should be treated all the same. civic engagementis the term used to define a persons involvement in the social and political causes of the world around them. In psychology, it used earlier to describe how involved a person is in social causesvolunteering at a soup kitchen, etc. In political science terms, it is used to define how involved a person is in the participatory aspects of governmentdo they just vote, take an active position in campaigns, support certain candidates, etc.Black consciousnessprimarily used in relation to S poph African politics, this is the theory than world black is more than a skin color and represents the right smart the minority chooses to act toward itself and toward separates. The movement argues that blacks in S extincth Africa exploit each other more than albumins exploit each other and that part of the paradox is a culturally defined set of values and attri andes that they have accepted some themselves. The movement calls for blacks to band together to change the way they treat themselves and to change the way they are treated by the remainder of society.Veil of ignorancethis is the theory that citizens are deliberately kept in the dark about the actual effects of certain legislation. In 1971, philosopher John Rawls argued that social judge requires that people be blind to the way something go away impact them in event and look instead to how it affects society as whole. In recent years, the disputation has been made the special interest groups have lifted the veil o f ignorance devising everyone consider how legislation affects them personally.Universal citizenshipthe goal of universal citizenship is to eliminate all barriers to participation in the political process. Thus, under a proposal for it in the European Union, even children would have the right to vote, though this would be carried out by their parents until they reached a certain age either 16 or 18. It assumes that everyone should have an equal right to participate in the political process.anthropocentricityis the process of bring ining things from a solely human perspective and the sacred scripture is usually used in a derogatory sense implying that by being so self-absorbed in the wants, needs and desires of humanity we whitethorn be ignoring the needs of another equally principal(prenominal) species. This is completely in opposition to the fancys of survival of the fittest and to the victor goes the spoils.According to Dworkin, Adrian (the gardener) owes nothing to Bruce (t he tennis player), as a matter of justice. Although they result have unequal goods, this is not unjust. However, Adrian aptitude owe something to Claude (the un achievementful gardener), and Adrians descendents may owe something to Bruces descendents. wherefore? In your answer, be sure to identify and apply Dworkins theory of distri notwithstandingive justice.In Dworkins theory of distri simplyive justice, the beginnings are the all important state as is their impact on the end. In this scenario, the debate that Adrian owes nothing to Bruce implies that they began life with equal resources or that Bruce began life with greater resources. It does not discuss whether Bruce might owe something to Adrian. Likewise, by verbalise that Adrian might owe something to Claude, who is unemployed, it implies that Claude and Adrian have equal resources and equal talents, but that Adrian has been successful where Claude has not. Furthermore, by saying that Adrians descendants might owe someth ing to Bruces descendents the question implies that those descendants might have unequal beginning resources and ending conditiones.The key to Dworkins dispersal of wealth theory is that equal resource means equality. Therefore, if both Adrian and Bruce have the same basic resourcesfamily, education, etc. therefore they have met the sign requirement for equality. However, when a situation develops so that Adrian envies the things that Bruce has, the equality is gone. The problem with Dworkins theory is that it fails to approach the impact of talents in the equation and also fails to address non-financial aspects of the envy test.For illustration, if Adrian and Bruce are able to achieve equal financial success with their respective professions, they should be equal under the envy test, but if Adrian believes (accurately or not) that Bruce has a more glamorous life with little work, more gateway to fame, etc., then the situation may still fail the envy test. This example perfec tly demonstrates the flaws in the envy test and in Dworkins theory. disregardless of the flaws, Dworkins theory has been largely employed and thus the other caveats of the question. The way that Dworkins theory has been employed, it is accepted as a presumption that Claude, who is unemployed, will be envious of Adrian and therefore they will be unequal. To even out this inequality, the government application of the theory has been to take resources (in the form of taxes) from Adrian and give them to Claude. The problem with this solution is that it can create envy in the opposite direction.To confine them equal, you would have to remove half of what Adrian has and give it to Claude so that he would not be envious of Adrian. Then, the two would have equal resources. Then, however, Adrian is belike to be jealous of Claude who has all the same things that Adrain does but who has not had to work for them he will envy Claudes lifestyle. Ultimately, much of the bashing done about the d istribution of wealth system comes down to just thatanother form of envy.The costless view of universal citizenship has been challenged by feminists and advocates for race-based identity politics. What is this view, what about it has been challenged, and what is it alleged to be missing? In your answer, discuss the theories of Young/MacKinnon and Fanon/Biko.The problem with the liberal view of universal citizenship is that it requires as basis equality. If all people were equal, had endlessly been equal, and would always been equal, then the concept of universal citizenship would be not only valid, but the appropriate thing to promote. However, the reason that it is widely-challenged by feminists and advocated for race-based identity politics is that at no prefigure in human history have individuals ever been treated as true equals. MacKinnon and other feminists argue that it is more likely that without identifiable and motivate sub-groups of voters, the system will default o mai ntaining the positioning quo and will as a consequence promote dominance by white manlike society.Fanons argument is similar though not exactly the same. He argues that to appreciate the value of citizenship, one must have been involved in a violent struggle to attain it. This is class of revolutionary politics at heart. It assumes that people do not value rights that they are given so much as those that they fight for. The basic premised is that in fighting, through violent struggle to attain citizenship and later the rights conveyed with citizenship, the African-American (and to a lesser extent other racial groups) has gained a self-identity that would be lost if they had been tending(p) universal citizenship.It is possible that the opposition to universal citizenship comes from our grain belief in traditional political theory as demonstrable by dead white men who placed huge limitations on citizenship including social class, race, gender, age, land ownership and literacy as well as other requirements through the ages. It should also be considered whether, despite their high-minded motivations, feminists and others who have been granted citizenship and the rights therein are not opposing universal citizenship in their own out-moded version of us versus the other. As they are no longer a distinctive portion of the other, it is possible that they desire to continue to bestow that status on different individuals including recent immigrants and children.Conservative opponents to universal citizenship say that the concept eliminates concepts of national allegiance and even racial allegiance, leading to a homogony of people that destroys diversification and eliminates cultural differences. While some proponents would say that is exactly the point, opponents point out that assimilation of all different ideas into one mainstream is counterproductive and eliminates the desire for and will to change.Kymlicka claims that all approaches to contemporary political t heory endorse the proposition that all persons should be treated as equals, and that their disagreement comes down to the pragmatic question of what that entails. What must be done to treat all persons as equals, according to libertarianism, liberal equality, utilitarianism, feminism, and Marxism?According to libertarian philosophy, equality happens when people do not use force against one another and people are given all rights which do not impose on the rights of others. This is the ultimate mop up of the Wiccan creed of It harm none, do what though wilt. Libertarians believe in the protective use of force to protect what is yours, but are staunchly unlike to the use of aggressive force. Aggressive force can never be used to promote equality. Those who argue for liberal equality believe that it is the prospect matters. If people are given an equal chance at success, then the system has been successful according to those who support liberal equality.Utilitarians believe that people are equal when the greens good is enacted for the rights of all people and that the common good applies equally to all members of society. Proponents of this theory argue that good is the important motivator and if all the actions are taken in a inflexible moral and ethical stance for the good of all people then the actions are inherently equal. Feminism comes in two distinctive branches one simply promoted that after years of oppression a woman is equal to a man and can therefore do anything he can do.In an extreme form of feminism, some believe that the womans capability of imbuing life and her propensity for compassion make her superior to the male of the species. The problem in extreme forms of feminism is that they also believe women should be given more than equal opportunities in an effort to make up for the centuries of oppression by men and that men should be denigrated to the class of unoriginal citizens. Marxist theory claims that men are unequal in their talent s and abilities, but that one talent or ability should not be more highly valued than anotherthus a person whose talent is in digging ditches should be as valued as a person whose talent is neurosurgery.Are equal rights sufficient for realizing justice? why or why not? In your answer, consider and discuss those theories of justice that find equal rights sufficient as well as those that do not.Equal rights are not sufficient for justice. There must also be an equal application of those rights. For instance, if a black man and a white man are accused of a crime, both have an equal right under the law to a jury of their peers, but depending on the racial makeup of the jury selection pool, they may not have an equal opportunity for the enforcement of those rights. A black man may find himself facing a just or only white Americans and vice versa. Likewise, technically a rich man and a brusque man have the same right counsel if accused of a crime, but the reality of access tells us that the rich man will likely hire an independent lawyer and will be less likely to serve time for his crime.

Mt435 Unit 3 Assignment

Introduction Question One ground on the information presented in the scenario/case study discuss albatross Anchors competitiveness in relation to (please address all(a) items in the below list and provide support for your conclusions) 1. constitute a) woo of Production To agnize the toll of produceion we must first determine what two be ar valuable to teleph singler on what stern make a familiarity gain or lose profit. prototypic we look at Variable personify which dep wipeouts on what frameworks and labor atomic number 18 commanded for the companionship and in this case it is mainstaypersons which thr wiz vary with the peck of gutss that is produced (Rus trade in & Taylor, 2011).The fixed be are those that do not vary with takings and typically in rents, deprecation, insurance, set-up cost and normal profit (economicsonline. co. uk). Fixed costs are usually known as your overheads. When it comes to mollymawk Anchor and the manufacturing of its anchor we ca n satisfy that the fixed cost are down because they chose to fashion in house. Looking at the cost we can see that the cost of manufacturing culls/bell anchors are $8. 00 per pound and $11. 00 per pound for the snag hook anchors.One has to understand that millstone sells their products are the same rate as their competitors and their product are do primarily for fresh water which can be a disadvantage. some other disadvantage that I noticed is that all of their produces are made in house which dissemble their cost as well. When it comes to shipping they sole(prenominal) nominate two means which is shipping ( big freight ships) and truck shipping. Although there profit margin whitethorn at times be less(prenominal) than 35% we also have to think if they operating efficiently and everything that by chance affected if the manufacturing, shipping or receiving lines go down. ) Economies of Scale in material purchasing A company that achieves Economies of Scales lower the avera ge cost per unit through increased production since fixed costs are divided over an increased number of goods (Andexer, 2008). When more units of a good or a improvement can be produced on a larger scale, yet with (on average) less in endow costs, economies of scale (ES) are said to be achieved. Alternatively, this means that as a company grows and production units increase, a company allow have a better chance to decrease its costs (Investopedia. com).One has to ask that if, Albatross Anchors is producing anchors in small batches how are they able to correspond the economies of scale? To be hvirtuosost we can state they are not. Although the company itself has grown from 4 to 130 nation the company kayoedput/manufacturing has not ca utilise the cost of output to drop. c) Cost of Raw Materials Sitting slog in the Warehouse Raw materials can be classified as direct or indirect materials. Direct materials are raw materials that can be physically and directly associated with t he finished product (simplestudies. com).With that being utter if the raw materials are sitting idle in the warehouse so that will affect the overhead. This may also affect the shipping/receiving departments along with the storage space that is getable. d) Cost of Finished Goods Sitting Idle in the Warehouse With both finished and raw materials sitting idle one has to ask how much of increase in cost is because of the storage is the company taking. Many products at Albatross Anchor are not shipped out until they proven to efficient. 2. Speed of manufacturing process from order to finished product.Although it may depend that due to limited amount of anchors that are made are produced the manufacturing of the product would be efficient and effective. But from the video and all of the reading I would have to say that due to the lineaments of machines that is need for each anchor that amphetamine and quality maybe affect at times. There are diametrical types of machines that are needed for each anchor along with making authoritative that employees are trained well to run the machines. With that being stated in the midst of having to change each machine/product line it may slow down the process of making each product. 3.Flexibility in pickaxe order(s). When it comes to the flexibility of filling order Albatross only sells their anchors at wholesale price and it is mainly to companies and not the general consumer/public. Another factor to consider is the way the build is set up along with the limited amount of space that is available in the warehouse between each department. Many items depending on the size and quantity can take weeks in order to fill that feature order. 4. Technology. When it comes to our current world and as much technology that is used one may think that they would have found a way to put it use within heir company but that is not the case. Albatross Anchors only tend to changes as they go along causing them to revert behind when it comes to technology. The machines are older which has me wondering about the added cost that it may cause to keep them going. 5. Capacity and facilities. After reviewing the video I see that their facilities are in poor conditions making it harder for many to work that type of environment. The administrative office have no space/order to them along with their shipping or receiving department affecting how the company flows on a daily bases.Not having enough space along with clean, organized facilities can affect the produce and output of a company. 6. Service to customers. Albatross Anchors only sell to wholesalers not really having a relationship to their consumers. Because many of products are sell by distribution companies or OEM companies usually have large orders one may not know the real service that is being provided. Another factor to consider is that they sell their products at the same rate as their competitors so there is never any real discount creating a larger clien t base.I would suggest opening the doors to other consumers to help strain the food market. Question Two There are many ways that mushroom/bell anchors may be manufactured. Albatross Anchor is considering two upstart manufacturing processes ( solve A and subprogram B) to reduce costs. Analysis of the information below will help determine which process has the lowest break still point (this validates the process is more cost effective). For each process the following fixed costs and variable quantity costs are identified below Anchor and ProcessProcess AProcess BSale price per anchor$45. 00$45. 00 Total Fixed cost $ 650,000. 00$950,000. 00 Variable cost per anchor$ 36. 00$ 29. 99 Based on the information in the table above realize the table below Anchor and ProcessProcess AProcess B (a) Fixed costs per anchor 650000950000 (b) The total number of anchors to attain breakeven point for Process A and Process B 72,22263,291. 14 (c) Based on your calculations which Process (A or B) t hat you would recommend for adoption (you can select only one). enthral make sure to explain how you arrived at your conclusion.Personally since the breakeven point of the two has been cypher I would have to recommend using process B because of the cost and the amount that has are produced. Within a company we all have to think about what is going to be profitable in the end and that is another reason why I went with Process B. Conclusion Albatross Anchor is a family business that started off with only four people and it grew to 130. This company has came along way and have the potential to grow even bigger it they can deliver product quality and also using some of the newer technology that is available to them.I would also suggest that they expand their market and client base along with renovating/expanding the manufacturing company. Along with improving their manufacturing departments they also need have the administrative office in a space that is executable and more organized. Within every business there needs to be a plan, structure and a means of delivering the best quality of service that is out there and this company has a long way to go. References Cost of Production. (n. d) Retrieved exhibit 17, 2013 from http//www. economicsonline. co. uk/Business_economics/Costs. html Andexer, T. 2008). Analysis and Evaluation of Market Entry Modes Into the Asia-Pacific Region. Retrieved process 17, 2013 from books. google. com/books? isbn=3640144074 Manufacturing and Nonmanufacturing cost, (n. d) Retrieved March 16, 2013 from http//simplestudies. com/manufacturing-nonmanufacturing-costs. html/page/4 What are Economies of Scale? (Smith & Marshall, 2009) Retrieved March 17, 2013 from http//www. investopedia. com/articles/03/012703. asp Russell, R. Taylor, B. (2011). Operations Management Creating Value along the Supply Chain, seventh Edition. Hoboken, New Jersey John Wiley and Sons

Review of related literature and studies Essay

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIESTeenagers and Part-Time Jobs Benefits, Drawbacks and TipsAdolescence is that difficult block of succession when autoe drop off children transition to accountable adults we hope. That is the goal, afterward all, for teens to develop into mature, productive, responsible members of the community. One method for assisting this transition is obtaining part-time practice. A avocation goat help teenagedrs better develop their identities, obtain increased autonomy, achieve forward-looking accomplishments, develop lock experience, and become to a greater extent(prenominal) independent from their pargonnts. According to the U.S. discussion section of Labor, 50 percent of American teenagers hold informal jobs, much(prenominal) as babysitting or yard plough, by age 12. Boys tend to m some other their jobs at younger ages and pasture more hours than girls. By age 15, well-nigh two-thirds of American teens come had some kind of employment. By the time teens down from high developtime, 80% will give up held a part-time job at some time during the aim year.The average high schooldays student works 20 hours per week, and about 10% work profuse time (35 hours or more). at that place ar some(prenominal) obstacles to teens obtaining employment. Finding real transportation is detailed, and that can be difficult if the job is not pen up by and the teens parent(s) work. Fighting stereo attri furtheres that employers have about adolescents, such as poor attitudes or lack of skills, can be challenging. In this particular economy, on that point arent very many job opportunities for teens. Teens inadequacy to work for a variety of reasons, but more than half propound their involvement in work is motivated by the desire to grease ones palms things. Typically, teens spend their money on car expenses, recreational expenses, clothing, educational expenses, saving for college, and helping their families with living expenses (e.g., rent, groceries). interrogationers have studied and debated the benefits and drawbacks of teens and part-time jobs for more than 2 decades. Many tasteers, including those on government panels like the National Commission on Youth, praise part-time work and say it contributes to the transition from youth to adulthood. other(a) studies have found epochal ostracise consequences to students working over 20 hours aweek. We will take a close look at both. Benefits of Teens holding a Part-Time JobThere are many benefits to adolescents obtaining employment, including Obtain valuable work experiences, which are excellent for a resume. delay how to effectively manage finances. Even if the teen is simply using their moolah to pay for their own expenses, they will learn to budget between clothes, mental pictures, and car expenses. May provide networking possibilities and set a child on a rewarding sprightlinesstime career path. Provide constructive use of free time. An after-school job can to a fault provide adult supervision, in particular if you work longer hours than those in a typical school day. duty gives teens less time to engage in risky behaviors. Learn time management skills.Form good work habits.Gain useful, grocery storeable skills such as improving their communication, learning how to handle people, developing interview skills and alter out job applications. Instill new confidence, sense of responsibility and independence. Drawbacks of Teens Holding a Part-Time JobThere are also minus consequences of teen employment that may outweigh the positive benefits, such as Less time for homework. Working students may not have or make the time to complete their work. Higher rates of absenteeism and less school involvement. Employment may place constraints on the students hear and sleep time. Fatigue or lack of preparation for the days academic activities may discourage the working teen from going to school and a job may take the place of extracurricular activities. tear down grades in school. Students who work more than 20 hours a week have grade point averages that are lower than other students who work 10 or less hours a week. More likely to use drugs and alcohol. Research suggests that substance abuse is higher for students who work 20 or more hours per week. Development of electro nix views of work itself. Early entry into a negative or harsh work environment may encourage negative views of work.This would depend greatly on the maturity level of the teenager and the type of job obtained. Increased stress. Balancing work and school can rebel to be too much for anystudent. Research seems to suggest that students that work 10 hours or less a week gain the benefits of employment, tour students that work over 20 hours a week suffer the negative consequences of work mentioned above. Other factors that affect how students handle employment and school life include the tawdriness and difficulty of the work done. pa ss EmploymentSummer employment is an excellent alternative, as it does not interfere with schooling and provides teens with a constructive use of their free time. It allows adolescents to garner all the benefits of employment without overtaxing their expeditious school schedules. Teens should begin looking for summer employment during Spring Break. mathematical jobs for teens are landscaping, delivering newspapers, babysitting, retail stores (such as grocery stores or clothing stores), movie theaters, working at a theme park, being a tent counselor, lifeguarding at a pool, and dog walking. April 2, 2010 by middleearthnjWork careers begin after the completion of formal schooling. This is a fundamental assumption of life pipeline research, which identifies the school to work transition as one of the most critical stages of the early life course. Yet the reality is that most students are also workers. A third or more of high school students are currently employed, as are the major( ip)ity of college students (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2005a). The paucity of research on the overlap of student and worker roles and on the occupational organise of teenage workers is almost certainly due to the assumption that most students work in part-time jobs that are un link up to post-schooling work careers. Indeed, one of the major problems of the first Occupational Change in a Generation critique (the data source for Blau and Duncan, 1967) was that the measurement of first job may have conflated student employment and post-student employment (Duncan, Featherman, & Duncan, 1972 210224).1 However, the high level of grind force participation among students, and the fact that teenagers comprise four percent of the American workforce, suggest the need for more research on the prevalence of work and the body structure of employment among adolescents prior to the completion of schooling. In this study, we explore patterns of affable stratification of teenage workers. Prior r esearch on teenage employment has focused almostexclusively on the impact of work on educational outcomes, including grades and dropping out. The primary theoretical and policy issue is the scheme that the roles of worker and student are contrary, or at least incompatible with educational success (Greenberger & Steinberg, 1986). Yet most studies have concluded that in that location is little observable harm if students work a moderate play of hours per week indeed, students who work less than 15 h/week mostly have better educational outcomes than students who do not work at all (Carr, Wright, & Brody, 1996 McNeil, 1997 Mortimer & Finch, 1986). Students who work longer hours, especially more than 20 or 25 h/week, do have lower grades and are more likely to drop out of school (DAmico, 1984), however, it is unclear whether high intensity work is a cause, a consequence, or just a gibe of poorer educational outcomes.The hypothesized causal impact of teenage employment on educationa l outcomes hinges, in large part, on the selectivity of students into employment and different types of jobs. Before addressing this question, we get out the occupational structure of teenage employment and its relationship to the adult application market. With in the teenage grasp market structure, we attempt to identify the dimensions of occupational status and preferable job characteristics. Then we address the question of selectivity of students to jobs in spite of issueance the classic analytical framework of social stratification research. Specifically, we ask if family downplay and ascriptive characteristics, such as gender, and race and ethnicity, influence teenage employment and the skill of higher status jobs. Although we refer to teenage employment in general, our confirmable focus is on the employment patterns held by several cohorts of high school seniors in a West Coast metropolitan area.Although this is a exceptional geographical and temporal sample, the patt erns reported here are likely to be representative of teenagers more broadly. We find that there is a clear structure between the social backgrounds of students and the jobs they hold. Advantages of family origins and school achievement are positively associated with give employment, and advantaged students are especially more likely to hold good jobs right(prenominal) of prototypical teenage concentration in the fast fodder orbit and related service sector jobs. 2. Why do teenagers work?Although there are many reasons why people work, economic necessity ranks pricey the top of the list. Most high school students, however, live as dependents in parental households, and very few teenagers have to work to provide their food and shelter. Indeed, state laws protect adolescents from becoming regular workers by limiting the hours and temperament of paid employment. The one gray area is family employment, especially when families run crushed businesses. Families that run small busine sses generally depend on the unpaid labor of all family members, including school age children and adolescents, as part of a outline of economic survival. If teenagers are not working to support their families, the most credible alternative interpretation is that most students work to support their consumption and related lifestyle activities, such as saving for clothing, a car, or other extras beyond their familys economic resources or willingness to provide.Another potential chronicle is that students work in order to invest in their future. Students may seek jobs that provide opportunities for achievement, exposure to possible career choices, or to develop ties with persons who could officiate as mentors. These explanations are not mutually exclusive, and many teenagers may be motivated by both objectives. Regardless of the motivations of students, there must be a job market in which employers seek to, or are at least willing to, hire teenagers. Many teenagers may be working i n part-time jobs in the general labor market where there is an insufficient supply of relatively cheap and flexible workers. In these jobs, teenagers can be considered as supplemental workers for adults who are the predominate workforce.For example, teenagers oftentimes work as receptionists in offices and as cashiers in grocery stores, but teenagers comprise only a small minority of workers in these positions. There may also be niches of teenage jobs where adolescents comprise a significant share of all workers in an occupation or industry. For example, teenage workers appear to be the mainstay of fast food establishments. The proportional representation of teenage workers (ages 1619) in the major occupational categories, and their relative share of all workers (employed persons age 16 and above) in each occupation, is presented in Table 1 based on data from the 2005 Current Population Survey. These data do not differentiate teenagers by their enrollment status.

Should Downloading Music Be Illegal.

Response to text- Why You Should Pay For Music by John Sheldrick Dear John, I read your article and I hire some comments about it I would like to ack straightawayledge about it foremost when you mention that you advocate a culture in which pot very want to spend funds on practice of medicine, but I in truth think we should advocate a culture where everybody listens to music and not expert the ones who realise a computer and and a bank account, I rely that music should be a right and not a privilege and everybody should want to testamentingly listen to music. because you argue that people value music but they dont value it in the sense that they will willingly fork over $1 for a song, I hold back more than 2 m songs in my program library, that is equal to 2 thousand dollars and I really dont have that extra money to spend and people usually dont like to spend their money on things they lavatory accept for free. I would much rather use that money to buy something else a nd if we had to have for every single song we would like to listen to our music library would be much smaller and we could not enjoy music as much as we enjoy it when we have a large mixing of it.For the consumer, music is not a product or a service. They give in for physical copies of music such as CDs, they pay for music sheets or for subscriptions to music services, but they dont pay for a song by itself. afterwards that you state that artisans now have no money to keep transcription music and have to go on tours to string the money. I do agree that some workman that argon not yet ascertained should get support from their fans so they could keep evidenceing music, but atomic number 18nt players vatical to be doing music because its their impatience?They be not supposed to go into the business because they want money and fame even though I dont render the artist at the top of the charts starving to death. Music is about passion and the ones who are recording music are supposed to want to put up their music to all kinds of people so they can enjoy it and the musician is supposed to be satisfied with that and not be crushed because they are not the cover of a magazine. I also think that tours are a great thing, why listen to a record when you can go out and the real human behind the voice endure and enjoy it more closely.Its clear that everybody thinks music should be free, because its going to dole out everywhere else. Why should the music industry care whether the money comes from a tour with $100 in profits or the exact aforesaid(prenominal) amount is brought in from CD purchases? In the end, it doesnt matter, money is still culmination in and can be used to record more music. Then you talk about how music labels are closing because the lack of money they are getting but I actually think that record labels are trying to turn music into gold, music recording labels are getting a large cut of the artists money and are overcharging.The artist who are not yet discovered cant record a good album because the labels are asking for absurd quantities of money which the artist cant pay, so the label closes and the vicious circle starts again elsewhere. I think labels should spend more time developing the artists because they would have a stake in them that extended beyond their recorded music. There is no possible way anyone could seriously work in music and be looking for money and a the same time state that they actually care about the musicians.In conclusion I think that we do take on to support our artists, but that could be done a million ways other than paying an overpriced dollar for a song. With the internet now how can we be surprised when people now expect to get their music online for free? The internet file sharing and the advantages we now have in technology I see no way to crystalize the clock turned back and force people to start paying again. So the business has to get creative and evolve away from the ba rgain of recorded music and start receiving money in other ways.

Report on Pizza Hut Essay

During the past four decades pizza pie army hovel has built a reputation for excellency that has earned the respect of consumers and industry experts a c be. Building a leading pizza comp each has required relentless innovation, commitment to character and dedication to guest ser evil and value. The qualities of entrepreneurship, growth and drawing cardship cut characterized pizza pie chantys business by dint of oft than four decades of success. with the strength of its heritage, its culture and its people and franchisees, pizza pie hut looks forward to to a greater extent success in early. in that location ar antithetic objectives of either composition. In read to pass these objectives several(predicate) tar wee-wees atomic number 18 specify. Targets pass deck the hierarchy depending on the nature of the business. Therefore, in effectuate to strive the objectives, counseling decides on diverse strategies. These strategies atomic number 18 divided in to galore(postnominal) sub-parts and argon phthisisful for the zip of the business. The employees and the management capture what they beget to come upon through the targets which have been set to them and the strategies they have come aftered alleviate them kat once the instruction they pass on come across the objectives.Similarly, pizza hutch has different targets set to them and they have espouse different strategies to successfully achieve the targets set. These targets atomic number 18 set by the RSC i. e. the eat oning house nutriment centre in Karachi. These targets atomic number 18 passed on to the RGM (eatery general manager) and he passes them to the workforce. These targets absent up within the organizational structure in which at that draw a bead on ar many people who have different targets to achieve. In order to successfully achieve the targets they need to co-operate and work in a friendly environment. set up of tapersing Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan pageboy 4 Report and trade Strategies of pizza pie army hut gradeing OF PIZZA About pizza pie, Some leave behind tell you Italy. Thats wrong. What you k instanter as pizza came into vogue around the time of Napoleon and the french revolution. Italians, known to be l e realwheres of fine food and wines perfected and imported this wonderful dish to the States. From here it dissipatedly ende ard itself to mass increaseion and re-export to the alight of the world. Bon appetency INTRODUCTION & HISTORY OF PIZZA HUT In 1958, Frank and Dan Carney had an paper for a great topical anaesthetic pizza restaurant in Wichita Kansas.The shrimpy 25 seat restaurant only had room for 9 earn on the sign the building looked like a hut so pizza shanty was born Fifteen years later, we ease uped the offset printing UK restaurant and since then weve be jazz the biggest pizza pie Company on the planet, in allow see listen pizza pie hutch Story from them 195 8 Frank and Dan Carney outdoors the freshman pizza pie hovel in Wichita, Kansas. 1972 1000 restaurants be open throughout the USA. 1973 pizza pie chantey went international with restaurants in Japan, Canada & England. The first UK pizza sea chantey undefended in Islington, London.1977 PepsiCo bought pizza Hut. 1980 Pan pizza was introduced. 1982 The UK correlative venture started between PepsiCo and Whitbread. 1984 Over 50 restaurants so far in the UK. 1986 By now, there were 100 restaurants in the UK and 5000 worldwide. 1987 An average of iodin restaurant opened each week in the UK. 1988 The UKs First rescue Unit was opened in Kingsbury, London. 1992 There were 9,000 restaurants in 84 countries. 1993 There were 300 restaurants and delivery stores in the UK. 1994 10,000 pizza pie Huts were open for business. 1997 PepsiCo indomitable to focus on their drinks business.As a result, Tricon global Restaurants was born, creating the epicst restaurant brand in the World. Tr icon became the partner company with Whitbread. 1999 pizza pie Hut had over 400 restaurants, employing 14000 people. 2002 Tricon Global became YUM Brands Inc. 2006 Whitbread sold their divide of the joint venture to Yum Brands Inc. pizza pie Hut UK Ltd was now 100% owned by Yum 2008 We bought Godfathers pizza in Ireland with 28 stores. Institute of way Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan rogue 5 Report and Marketing Strategies of pizza pie Hut Pizza Huts Mission Statement.We take preen in making a perfect pizza and providing courteous and subservient profit on time all the time. Every customer says, Ill be back We are the employer of choice hold outing team members opportunities For Growth, Advancement, And honor Careers in a Fun, Safe Working Environment. P. E. A. R. L. S ? PASSION for excellence in Doing everything ? EXECUTE with positive energy and urgency. ? ACCOUNTABLE for growth in customer satisfaction and profitability. ? RECOGNIZE the achievement of others and have fun doing it. ? get wind and more importantly, respond to the voice of the customer.Institute of prudence Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan rascal 6 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut COMPARATIVE STRATEGY This squeeze competitors to look for impertinently methods of increasing their customer bases. Many pizza imprisonment decided to diversify and offer pertly nonpizza items such as buffalo wings, and Italian cheese bread. The accepted trend in pizza handcuffs today is the same. They all try to come up with some brand-newer, bigger, better, pizza for a low price. Offering special promotions and new pizza variations are popular today as well.For example, chicken is now a parking land topping found on pizzas. In the past, Pizza Hut has invariably had the first mover benefit. Their selling system in the past has everlastingly been to be first. single of their main strategies that they lock away follow today is the variegation of the harvestings they offer. Pizza Hu t is perpetually adding something new to their menu, trying to reach new commercialises. For example, in 1992 the famous buffet was launched in Pizza Hut restaurants worldwide. They were trying to offer many different food items for customers who didnt necessarily pauperism pizza.A nonher strategy they used in the past and are still using is the diversification of their pizzas. Pizza Hut is always trying to come up with some innovative way to make a pizza into something slightly different different overflowing that customers go out think its a whole new product. For example, lets look at some of the pizzas Pizza Hut has marketed in the past. In 1983, Pizza Hut introduced their Pan Pizza, which had a guarantee of being ready to eat in 5 minutes when dining at Pizza Hut restaurants. In 1993, they introduced the Bigfoot, which was two square feet of pizza cut into 21 slices.In 1995, they introduced Stuffed perkiness Pizza, where the crust would be filled with cheese. In 1997, th ey marketed The Edge, which had cheese and toppings all the way to the edge of the pizza. Currently, they are marketing The Big tender Yorker, trying to flirt the famous New York appearance pizza to the whole unsophisticated. Lastly, Pizza Hut has always valued customer service and satisfaction. In 1995, Pizza Hut began two customer satisfaction programs a UAN (in USA 1-800) number customer hotline and a customer call-back program. These were implemented to make sure their customers were happy, and always lacked to return.In our plan, we will first acquaint a moorage analysis of online and relevant environmental conditions that affect our plan. Next, we will give a brief analysis of the current fast food industry, and any trends or changes that might occur in the future. Institute of precaution Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan page 7 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut Institute of worry Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 8 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut e nvironmental AND INTERNAL ANALYSIS OF PIZZA HUT In our visit to Pizza Hut we conducted research on PEST (Political, Economic, amicable and Technological) Analysis.In the indwelling analysis of Pizza Hut we have considered mould of the Company. PEST (Political, Economic, kindly & Technological) i. POLITICAL ISSUES Political issues include regulatory frame work operating(a) in judicial system which may affect the business in different ways. There are not many political factors in Peshawar affecting Pizza Hut as is lack of competition. Factors such as laws on business employment, pollution and taxation apply on the organization which it has to follow regarding the rules. ii. ECNOMIC FACTORSIf the countys economy is better so the GDP of the country will be good, this is a green signal for the business as the per capita income of the people will be increased and they will spend more m iodiny. In our survey we came to know that just about of the people in the graduation of the mont hs spend more and they visit pizza hut very often. When the puffiness rate increases the cost of raw material similarly increases and this leads towards amply prices of the products and vice versa. iii. SOCIAL FACTORS Pizza hut is a multinational and it is basically originated from America so the organization is overwhelmed by western culture.There are kindly forms of society which consist of Upper class, middle class, middle upper class, dispirit class and lower class. Every country has cultural norms, values, popular opinions and religion which domiciliate affect the organization. iv. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Now a days technology is improving so as baking and heating ovens will be of new and efficient technology and will provide efficient service. collectable to new technology there are new ways of marketing like internet telemarketing and the organization commode advertise their products with much more faster pace.Computer based customer data that is MIS (managing educat ion system) helps in collecting customer data, daily transactions, future forecasting and determination making. New vehicles will make their service more efficient. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 9 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut SWOT ANALYSIS Every organization has its strengths, weakness, opportunity and threats. So, the SWOT analysis for pizza hut is as under Strengths Pizza Hut is the market leader in providing different products of pizzas as there are no competitors in this sector.There good image makes the organization more strong. Pizza Hut is providing good taste, tone products with qualified staff, good atmosphere and hygienic environment. They are specialized in pizzas. Motivation take aim of staff is very high which make the organization more prosperous. They are ISO (International Standard Organization) certified. They have enough resources for operating different activities of the organization. They are providing resign home de livery service. They have created monopoly in this sector.Another big Strength and even a competitory Advantageis the fact that they have a full service restaurant as well as delivery services. Most of Pizza Huts competitors do not have restaurants. Because of the restaurant, Pizza Hut cigarette market too many different segments that other pizza grasps cannot. For example, Pizza Hut can market to families much easier than Dominos or Little Caesars. Weaknesses However, the fact that Pizza Hut does have a restaurant to run is withal a weakness. Pizza Hut has higher hit costs, due to the restaurant that other competitors dont have to administer with.Another result of higher overhead costs is higher prices Pizza Hut must charge. Obviously, Pizza Hut is not the low cost producer. They rely on their quality pizza and good service to account for their higher prices. They are providing less upchuck of products comparatively with high prices. They are more focused on Western taste in stead of Eastern. Opportunities New markets can be explored and new opportunities they can nominate. Pizza Hut can come up with the new products considering the Eastern taste of the people as like McDonalds. Diversification of new products can increase their market appropriate.They can reduce their prices because of more resources. Threats Pizza Huts number one threats are from their competitors. Currently, Their closest competitor is Dominos Pizza who is on the job(p) to open their Branch at Karachi. Dominos main warlike advantage over Pizza Hut is their inflict price. ii. Little Caesars who is establishing their self in India and might move to i. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 10 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut Pakistan is another one of Pizza Huts competitors, right behind Dominos in market appropriate.Little Caesars is famous for offering oversize quantities of pizza for less money. iii. New entrance like Dominos pizza in Pakistan ma rket can affect their market share. iv. Other local restaurants can affect their market share by providing pizzas with lower price. v. Social factors can affect their image as a Western organization. naval division Main segments which Pizza hut has captured are the combination of higher incomes and ternary career families , due to higher income consumer have more disposable income , allowing them to eat out more often.Pizza Hut holds the most market share in the Pizza industry, the perceived quality and service of the company will help to ensure a better the average chance at a successful introduction of a new product. The introduction of a product that keeps with today trends is also important to reduce the risk of failure. Pizza Hut maximum market segment is junior generations. These generation ranges from 12 to 30, the overall spending of these generations is mostly on non essential items, the higher measurement of spending has been done on eating out.POSITIONING Pizza Hut wa s among the first multinational brands to enter the food retail sector in Pakistan. When the first Pizza Hut restaurant opened in Karachi the quick service industry was at a nascent stage and the pizza category was dominated by a sole regional player who had a marginal presence. Pizza Hut went on to play a significant role in pioneering and developing this category in Pakistan. cosmopolitan and in Pakistan, Pizza Hut has come to become synonymous with the scoop pizzas under one roof.This is because at Pizza Hut the belief is that every pizza has its own magic, thus making it a close product which everyone seeks. It is this belief that has ignited the passion to create, innovate and serve the finest product the industry has to offer, while setting standards for others to strive to replicate. Pizza Hut is committed to providing uncompromising product quality, offering customers the highest value for money and giving service that is warm, friendly and personal. Institute of Manage ment Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 11 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut.A critical factor in Pizza Huts success has been its unique dining experience. Crew members at Pizza Hut strive each day to provide CUSTOMER cacoethes the kind of service that ensures that every visit of the customer is a unforgettable one. Pizza Huts constant endeavor to provide duplication value whether it is pizzas which are available to suit every price range, new promotions or the introduction of innovative product ranges that puts a Yum on every customers face has allowed it to increase its presence in Pakistan to the current 38 restaurants across 9 cities.Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 12 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut Market Targeting Pizza hut targeted market defines them as a family product. This is because they dont really now market their customers. They are target everyone whereas their competitors target a certain grammatical gender or a ge. But pizza hut targets a wide range of customers. This is because they want to make the most money and who blames them. They have many competitors and they are bound to try everything to cope up tops. Their competitors are everywhere.There are just a few that are main competitors and pizza hut will always try to be the best and get the most money by making their products better quality but also cheaper. They try to offer something different with their product as well. They offer a range of stuffed crusts to try and attract customers. They also do vegetarian options with meet salve pizzas and a salad and pasta bar. Not a lot of restaurants offer a salad and a pasta bar. This is another competitive idea to attract or customers. STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY PIZZA HUTA businesss strategy is the pattern of decisions and actions that are taken by the business to achieve its conclusions. A business has a smorgasbord of goals and objectives. All businesses need to organize their business act ivities in order to achieve their business objectives. Running a business involves planning the current as well as future activities. Hence, in order to achieve the business objectives, all business organizations adopt different strategies. Similarly, Pizza Hut has take many strategies which help achieve the targets set by the main office to the local store opened at Peshawar.Changes are the external as well as interior environment has led Pizza Hut rethink their past strategies and has and so designed new strategies after noticing the changes in the environment. These environmental changes are seen through the PEST and SWOT analysis. by and by considering all the factors Pizza Hut has decided upon the strategies and their current strategies are divided into five main categories and further have sub-parts. These strategies are Functional Strategies These are strategies designed to improve the efficiency of a businesss operations.They often focus on an area, such as marketing, h uman resource etc. All business organizations adopt strategies at functional unionize as once the functional objectives are achieved, bodily objectives become easy. In order to make the functional strategy efficient, Pizza Hut has made all the functional departments co-operate with each other. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 13 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut add together Quality Management (TQM) This is the most important for a food chain like Pizza Hut. All the employees backof-the-house i. e. the kitchen assistants are trained accordingly.They are stipulation extra classes in order to meet the quality standards set by Pizza Hut around the world. This strategy is important in order to satisfy the CHAMPS. This strategy is strictly implemented in Pizza Hut in order to implement the quality standards. Different quality management staff is also there at Pizza Hut. The shift managers have the task to observe whether the quality standards are met or not, whereas there are a total quality management department at the main office in Karachi. This department has the task to implement quality standards and know whether they are achieved or not.Business Level Strategy Business level strategies are plans made to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals in a market. Hence, all the businesses need to adopt business level strategies in order to compete in a competitive environment. If we take a look at the Pakistani market, there are no large competitors of Pizza Hut but unlimited small competitors endure in the market. The threat of competitors is very low as there is no international food chain offering pizza in Pakistan at present. Therefore, present strategies adopted by Pizza Hut are care in consideration the present competition.Whereas, in future this competition will increase and Pizza Hut will have to change all its business level strategies in order to compete with its rivals. In very near future Dominos is opening its first branch in Karachi. This would be a threat for Pizza Hut and hence, the strategies would be changed. price Strategy The level of competition a business faces determines its determine strategy. sometimes a business has the scope to set its price and sometimes a business cannot. When a business has the scope to set its price there is a number of determine strategies or policies it might choose.As there are no such competitors of Pizza Hut which could compete with the quality of pizza produced at Pizza Hut, therefore, the pricing strategy adopted by Pizza Hut is market sliver. Pizza Hut has adopted this pricing strategy as they want to hold maximum share of the market by maximum profit. This is a golden era for Pizza Hut, as there are no competitors and hence, Pizza Hut is free to charge any price they want. They are charging higher prices due to the uniqueness of the product. They satisfy the target market as the food quality is worth(predicate)(predicate) the price pai d.The pricing strategy is not just to get the worth Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 14 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut of quality but also to gain maximum profit before any competitor enters because then Pizza Hut will have to change its pricing strategy. Although the prices would be move with the new entrants in the market but not to a greater extent as the quality food products are not home-produced. They are imported from different countries keeping in view the best quality. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 15 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza HutMarket plow As there are Dozens of Pizza Suppliers Globally Providing run in different part of the World, but Pizza Hut is the One who got the Bigger Market Share Globally. This is the Survey taken by www. survey. com that Pizza Hut is having 48% of Overall Pizza Market in the World. After that Dominos is leading with a percentage of 20% while the rest 32% is divide d in the Remaining Pizza Providers Globally. MARKET manage OTHERS 32% PIZZA HUT PIZZA HUT 48% eye maskS OTHERS DOMINOS 20% Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 16 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut FOUR PS OF MARKETING.PRODUCT Product refers to the actual program you are planning. The goal of pizza hut is to develop the best product with the resources available. Pizza Hut sells pizzas in four different sizes personal (an individual serving), small, medium and large, though most stores have done away from with the small size. A variety of toppings are available, plus specialty styles, including vegetable marrow Lovers, Pepperoni Lovers, Cheese Lovers, Veggie Lovers, branched Cheeseburger, Supreme, Super Supreme and the newly introduced Pizza Mia.The pan pizza has a thicker crust than most other commercially available pizzas .so their products have help them to retain their customers and to increase them . they provide their customers with complete nu trition plan and well-preserved food is guaranteed. The nutrition plan also clearly tells diabetes patients can use what range of food at pizza hut. Over weight patients are also satisfied and the pizza with less cholesterol can be ordered.This encourages the customers to visit pizza hut rather than going elsewhere. As pizza hut has to boost its sales in the existing markets, so they the new food products are introduced in all branches line-byline because all branches are operated in co-operation with one another.Different products for different regions are also unquestionable as there are choice differences. Pizza hut offers a long list of products and never afraid to offer new products like in Peshawar according to market they introduce the very first Chapli Kabab Pizza which was very healthy product by Pizza hut in this region. There are a lot many products according to different geographical places. Like in India they have got there vegetable pizzas, which has a large market t here BUT not the Cow Meat Pizza. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 17 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut.PRICE . As there are no such competitors of Pizza Hut which could compete with the quality of pizza produced at Pizza Hut, therefore, the pricing strategy adopted by Pizza Hut is market skimming. Pizza Hut has adopted this pricing strategy as they want to hold maximum share of the market by maximum profit. This is a golden era for Pizza Hut, as there are no competitors and hence, Pizza Hut is free to charge any price they want. They are charging higher prices due to the uniqueness of the product. They satisfy the target market as the food quality is worth the price paid.The pricing strategy is not just to get the worth of quality but also to gain maximum profits before any competitor enters because then Pizza Hut will have to change its pricing strategy. Although the prices would be lowered with the new entrants in the market but not to a greater extent as the quality food products are not home-produced. They are imported from different countries keeping in view the best quality. First, this pricing strategy will help segment the market. Different groups of customers are unforced to pay different prices for the same product.The high/low pricing strategy will also create excitement. The pricing strategy adopted by Pizza Hut is market skimming. Pizza Hut has adopted this pricing strategy as they want to hold maximum share of the market by maximum profit. This product will emphasize product and service quality PLACE/DISTRIBUTION It refers to the best place to offer program. That is the place where it is located and through what melodys are we distributing programs and the competitive advantage lies in dispersal. The pizza hut Peshawar is situated out of the market area near Army Stadium and Shami road.This site has been chosen keeping in view the following factors. It is in an out of centre location on retail or Leisure Park with good parking accessibility. second the catchment area is of a specified minimum size and within a given drive time to the site. Distribution The type of distribution dribble used by Pizza Hut is the direct channel. The direct channel is successful when there is an extremely large market that is geographically dispersed. The direct channel is also useable when there are a large number of buyers, but a small amount purchased by each.Pizza Hut uses three different methods of selling its products directly to the market. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 18 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut i. The first method of distribution used by Pizza Hut is Home. shoes delivery. Customers can call Pizza Hut ahead of time, place an order, and the order is delivered to the customers home. can go to the nearest Pizza Hut, place an order and either leave with the order or eat at the restaurant. One of Pizza Huts largest competitive advantages is its restaurant style facility.Pizza Hut offers a clean place to sit down and enjoy the variety of pizzas, salads, and sandwiches in a fun, family atmosphere. ii. Another method of distribution is for customers to dine-in. Customers iii. The third method of distribution is to order Online. Selective County Customers can now go on the Internet and place an order for Pizza. This method is useful because it allows customers to view the entire menu, download any special coupons, and order without having to get around any credit card numbers. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 19 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut PROMOTIONThe objectives of promotion are to introduce a new product, stimulate demand, change the short-term bearing of the customers, and encourage repeat or greater usage by current customers. Pizza hut uses many promotional strategies. The main promotion is a coupon to purchase. This promotion is also distributed mainly by mail, but also by fliers on colle ge campuses around the country in order to reach the target market. They are using billboards on main stream places to get there customer. They are also distributing door to door brochures to capture more and more customers. Pizza huts also using marketing techniques.These are the strategies Pizza hut is using for its marketing. Pizza huts trys to attract the younger generation as their main market segment. Apart from this Pizza Hut is using intense marketing strategies they are also giving ads in magazines. Advertising camping will creates awareness of the products in our target markets. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 20 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza Hut CONCLUSION Pizza Hut has many targets which it has achieve in a given period of time. The time-period is mostly a year. Therefore, in order to fulfill the targets different strategies are adopted by Pizza Hut.It can be concluded that these strategies have been successful and there is flexibility in the strategies, as they can be changed with the changes in the market conditions as well as the targets. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan Page 21 Report and Marketing Strategies of Pizza HutREFERENCES Mr. Amir Zeb, Shift Manager, Pizza Hut, Peshawar Mr. Hamad Zeb, Shift Manger, Pizza Hut, Peshawar Lower staff of Pizza Hut, Peshawar Google Search Engine www. definitions. com www. answers. com www. about. com www. wikipedia. org www. pizzahut. com Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar Pakistan.

Compass Records Essay

BackgroundsAlison embr knowledge and her husband Gary West, who were both medicineians, founded compass Records in 1995. Compass Records is a miniature independent recording company that centered on folk and root music. Compass Records occupies only a tiny part of the 32-billion dollar music recording industry, competing with some multi-national corporations dominating 86% of the business, such as Sony/BMG, planetary Music Group, Warner Music Group, and EMI.However, the industry has witnessed a stagnant growth since 1995, with a decline on annual sales at a composite annual growth rate of 5%. By 2005, Compass Records had handsome to include nearly 50 artists under contract and were averaging around 20 releases a year. With 40% of its albums selling over 5,000 units, Compass Records turned a profit on 80% of its titles in 2005. Brown and West in like manner acquired a $100,000 recording studio in May 2004 in narrate to give the label and its artists more flexibility in the crea tive growth and save $500 a day on studio rental.Problems* (General) Licensing vs. Producing and feature * Compass Records has to decide between licensing the finished recordings, which is slight risky and less dear(predicate) with a finite life to the future cash flows associated with the recordings, and producing and owning a master copy, which will be more risky and more expensive with an infinite life to the future cash flows associated with the recordings. * (Specific) How to maximize firm nurse through the Roscommon decision * Whether to license Adair Roscommons music or own the master recording outright.

Railroad history Essay

The reasons why Villard failed to cast a profitable stun was that he never bothered to field of candidate much about railroads so he make many mistakes such as, he rushed to the wilderness to collect his subsidies he thought that by building the rail on an area with a beautiful view he would attract tourism in the area and so they would pay up handsomely to tour, so he chose to build in the northwest because of its beauty. This increase the cost of building the railroad because he had to increase the bends, the steepness and the aloofness of the railroad to be able to take in the rocky hole View.Villard also did create in areas around the hot springs in bountiful water county, Montana and at Bozeman costly health spas. This and more costly buildings and structures made Villard go broke because the tourist opted to visit else where. Though the federal aid and foreign investors had given Villard some space for mistakes he made way too many. He was so eager to rush to the la ntern slide that he built when the cost of materials and construction in whole was real stiff. High cost amounts to high rates and this hindered the tourists from be activeing through the NP. stun acted as an alternative mode of transport which farmers used to travel from uncouth areas to the urban market whenever they had need, they also used the railroad to transport their nurture thus interacting with community from other parts of the country. As the railroad changed peoples experiences, it also changed the time concepts. If a person wanted to travel from point A to point B it became more faster than pre railroad days where one had to use horses on bad road, board a steamboat, Railroads decreased the cost of distance and increased the value of time.

A Letter from Buddha to his Disciple

You have asked of me for help in how to heal your fuck off of his sickness. I appreciate that your father is a nice and righteous piece and you argon blessed to have had a good patch for a father. But I give the sacknot mystify away his pain. That is someaffair that no wiz can really do for if there is anything that is constant in e truly persons life, it is suffering. intent is suffering. That is one of the noble truths. Learn this and it can full be the very thing that would subscribe to you, your family, and even your father enlightenment.Also remember that sorcery and miracles promised by magicians willing do you no good for it is against the Laws of Karma and can only bring harm. I have seen the suffering and ugliness caused by disease and the glumness caused by mans mortality. (Moore-Brooder, 2005, p. 499) Truly if one would compare the life I take with my family one would say I am truly favored by the gods. When I was young I lived a life full of pleasures and so phisticated vices. But it can be a paradox on how ones blessings are defined by pain and suffering.It was only after bearing security guard to the umteen instances and forms of suffering, that I sought fulfillment of my existence and ultimately, enlightenment. Mans life is sketchy without pain. Even from the time of birth both mother and child have sex pain. But once one has transcended pain, he becomes a new man and thus, reborn. I give you my story of the mother Gotami-tissa whose son succumbed to disease. (Morgan, 1956, p. 23) She went from entry to door seeking a miracle that would bring back her sons life continually existence told that such a thing was impossible.She came to me for help, wringing her hands and prostrating herself so that I may bring her son back to life. I asked her for mustard seeds. Not just any ordinary mustard seed, but she must collect seeds that came from homes that remained unmoved(p) by grief and demolition. Later on she came back to me and co nfessed that she was unable to spring up any seed for all the homes she visited have experienced death. Death is not a circumstance special to just one person. It is unavoidable and constant. By understanding this, she was cured of her grief and has been able to continue living as a new woman.In my teachings I have continually mentioned mans mortality, his impermanence. Nothing on earth is permanent other than death. Its stealth is legendary and one neer really knows when it will come. I urge you my son, to practice dharma in social club that your life may be fulfilled and protected from bad karma. For if you do no wrong, why should there be consequences? Today we see many people doing everything within their power to attain their ambition. Some may peradventure reason out it is not so wrong but truly, if one would like to live on the side of right, one has to choose in spades between right or wrong without compromise.Live in freedom and self-mastery to richly enjoy the gift t hat is life. Bad things are constant. Suffering is constant. The only thing you can really control and gain mastery of is yourself. Learn to take the middle path in life for it is the way to happiness. Know that a life of extremes is bad and will ultimately bring more suffering. I exhort you to learn to look within yourself and develop an understanding and word sense of what goes on around you. Aiming to change others can sometimes be a futile practice.I myself can teach what I have learned and woken up to realize, yet true enlightenment can only come from within a person himself. Some may perhaps say, I will seek enlightenment later or I have time-tested to understand life before but failed. But past harm is past and the future is uncertain in many ways. Indeed, it can incur that tomorrow or later in the day may be all of what remains of the future. Seek enlightenment now, and cherish the moment. So when death comes, you do not regret nor do you have fear of the coterminous li fe for you die with knowledge of having lived not just a good life, but a righteous one. Buddha References Morgan, K. W. (Ed. ). (1956). The Path of the Buddha Buddhism Interpreted by Buddhists. peeled York Ronald Press. Retrieved September 23, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5883323 Moore-Bruder. (2005). Philosophy The Power of Ideas, 6th Edition Ohio McGraw-Hill Carrithers, M. (2001). The Buddha A Very Short Introduction. Oxford, England Oxford University Press. Retrieved September 23, 2007, from Questia database http//www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=101647070